[Expert Solution]: You have noticed an increase in the number…

You have noticed an increase in the number of an unusual birth defect in your patients (that is, more mothers givnig birth to babies with congential defects). Taking the medical history of these mothers, you notice that a numbner of them have been “vaping” using a specific brand. You believe that chemicals found in these vaporizers may be a contributing factor. Thus you believe these chemical are acting as______